AISI 416 Round Bars

AISI 416 hot rolled round bar is a free-machining martensitic bar, turned in quantity into valve stems, shafts, studs and other machined parts.

16 to 125 mm Martensitic stainless steel Made to order

HOT ROLLED ROUND BARS

AISI 416 hot rolled round bar

AISI 416 hot rolled round bar is a martensitic stainless bar of the free-machining type, rolled from a grade that is AISI 410 with sulphur added. The sulphur is set as a minimum rather than a maximum, and it forms manganese sulphide particles through the steel; those particles break the chip at the tool, which is why the grade is specified where bar is turned in quantity. Chromium of 12 to 14 percent puts it in the same corrosion class as 410, but the sulphides interrupt the passive film and give pitting a place to start, so 416 resists corrosion less well than 410 and is less tough. 410 is chosen where the part must take shock, resist corrosion or be welded; 416 where machining time decides the cost.

The bar is supplied annealed, soft enough to cut, and is hardened afterwards by austenitising, quenching and tempering where the part calls for it, which raises hardness and strength. It is magnetic in every condition. Chips break short, so tool life and surface finish hold up on an automatic lathe at feeds that 410 will not take. The same sulphides make the grade difficult to weld, because the weld metal cracks as it cools, and welded joints are therefore avoided in 416. Hot rolled bar of this grade is machined into valve stems and seats, pump and motor shafts, gear and coupling blanks, and studs and nuts turned in quantity.

Composition limits in weight percent are carbon 0.15 maximum, manganese 1.25 maximum, sulphur 0.15 minimum, phosphorus 0.06 maximum, silicon 1.0 maximum, chromium 12.0 to 14.0 and zirconium plus molybdenum 0.6 maximum.

SPECIFICATION

AISI 416 hot rolled round bar supply conditions

Size range: 16 mm - 125 mm (5/8" - 5")
Length: Up to 8 metres
Tolerances: ASTM A484, EN10060
Heat treatment: Soft annealing; oil or water quenching and tempering
Grade: AISI 416 (416, SUS 416, 1.4005, S41600)
Family: Martensitic stainless steel
Supply: Made to order in this grade; every published size of the form

Composition of AISI 416

Element	Symbol	Minimum %	Maximum %
Carbon	C		0.15
Manganese	Mn		1.25
Sulphur	S	0.15
Phosphorus	P		0.06
Silicon	Si		1.0
Chromium	Cr	12.0	14.0
Zirconium plus molybdenum	Zr+Mo		0.6

Composition, weight percent, balance iron. From the Laxcon Steels grade reference.

Equivalents of AISI 416

Standard	Designation
UNS	S41600
EN number	1.4005
JIS	SUS 416

Equivalence means nearest counterpart, not identity: each standards body sets its own composition window, so the limits of the standard named on the order govern.

Governing standards

EN 10088-3: Stainless steels: technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods, wire, sections and bright products for general purposes. Composition, heat treatment condition and mechanical properties per grade.
EN 10060: Hot rolled round steel bars for general purposes: dimensions and tolerances on shape and dimensions.
ASTM A276/A276M: Stainless steel bars and shapes: composition, condition, mechanical properties and finish designations for hot-finished and cold-finished bar.
ASTM A484/A484M: General requirements for stainless steel bars, billets and forgings: permissible variations in dimensions, straightness, weight and length, and the test and marking requirements every bar order inherits.
ASTM A479/A479M: Stainless steel bars and shapes for use in boilers and other pressure vessels: the bar specification a pressure-part drawing calls for.
ASTM A314: Stainless steel billets and bars for forging.
NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156: Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production: the sour-service limits on hardness and condition.
ASTM A582/A582M: Free-machining stainless steel bars: the specification under which 303 and the other resulphurised grades are supplied.
EN 10204: Metallic products, types of inspection documents: the 2.2 test report and the 3.1 and 3.2 inspection certificates a purchase order can call for.

Weight per metre

Diameter (mm)	kg per metre	Metres per tonne
16	1.59	629.5
17	1.79	557.6
18	2.01	497.4
19	2.24	446.4
20	2.48	402.9
21	2.74	365.4
22	3.00	333.0
23.2	3.34	299.4
24	3.57	279.8
25	3.88	257.9
26	4.19	238.4
27	4.52	221.1
28	4.86	205.6
30	5.58	179.1
32	6.35	157.4
34	7.17	139.4
36	8.04	124.4
37	8.49	117.7
38	8.96	111.6
40	9.93	100.7
42	10.95	91.4
45	12.57	79.6
47	13.71	73.0
48	14.30	69.9
50	15.51	64.5
53	17.43	57.4
56	19.46	51.4
57.5	20.52	48.7
60	22.34	44.8
63	24.63	40.6
66	27.03	37.0
67.5	28.27	35.4
70	30.40	32.9
73.5	33.52	29.8
75	34.90	28.7
77.5	37.27	26.8
80	39.71	25.2
83	42.75	23.4
85	44.83	22.3
88	48.05	20.8
90	50.26	19.9
93	53.67	18.6
95	56.00	17.9
98	59.59	16.8
100	62.05	16.1
105	68.41	14.6
106	69.72	14.3
110	75.08	13.3
115	82.06	12.2
120	89.35	11.2
125	96.95	10.3

Density 7.90 g/cm³, diameter squared x 0.006205. Sizes are the published range at the nominal diameters shown.

Ordering AISI 416 hot rolled round bar

An enquiry for this grade in this form states the grade and the governing standard, for example AISI 416 to EN 10088-3, the condition, annealed or hardened and tempered, the finish as rolled, spot ground or fully ground, the diameter with the tolerance to ASTM A484 or EN 10060, the cut length, the quantity, the test certificate type to EN 10204, and any test called for, such as ultrasonic testing or PMI. Laxcon Steels rolls the bar to order.